CHAPTER No: 1
At- Tauhid (The Oneness of Allah)
Allah the Almighty said:
"And I (Allah) created not the Jinns and men except they should worship Me (Alone)." (51:56)
And Allah stated:
"And verily, We have sent among every Ummah (community, nation) a Messenger (proclaiming): 'Worship Allah (Alone), and avoid (or keep away from) Taghut (all false deities etc. i.e. do not worship Taghut besides Allah).' " (16:36)
And Allah said:
“And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him. And that you be dutiful to your parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age in your life, say not to them a word of disrespect, nor shout at them but address them in terms of honour. And lower unto them the wing of submission and humility through mercy, and say: 'My Lord! Bestow on them Your Mercy as they did bring me up when I was small.' " (17:23, 24)
And Allah said:
"Worship Allah and join none with Him in worship."(4:36)
And Allah said:
"Say (O Muhammad May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him ): Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited you from: Join not anything in worship with Him; be good and dutiful to your parents; kill not your children because of poverty -We provide sustenance for you and for them; come not near to shameful sins (illegal sexual intercourse, etc.) whether committed openly or secretly, and kill not anyone whom Allah has forbidden, except for a just cause (according to Islamic law), This He has commanded you that you may understand. And come not near to the orphan's property, except to improve it, until he (or she) attains the age of full strength; and give full measure and full weight with justice. We burden not any person, but that which he can bear. And whenever you give your word (i.e. judge between men or give evidence, etc.), say the truth even if a near relative is concerned, and fulfill the Covenant of Allah. This He commands you, that you may' remember. And verily, this is My Straight Path, so follow it, and follow not (other) paths, for they will separate you away from His Path. This He has ordained for you that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious)." (6: 151-153)
Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
Whoever wishes to ascertain the very will of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) on which the Prophet has put his seal, let him read the Statement of Allah:
"Say (O Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) ): Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited you from: Join not anything in worship with Him... (up to) ...And verily, this is My Straight Path."
It is narrated that Mu'adh bin Jabal (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
I was riding behind the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) on a donkey and he said to me "O Mu'adh, do you know what is the right of Allah on his slaves and what is the right of the slaves upon Allah?" I responded: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He continued, "The Right of Allah upon His slaves is to worship Him Alone and never to associate anything with him. The right of slaves upon Him is not to punish any person who does not associate anything with Him." I said: "O Allah's Messenger, may I not give the glad tidings to the people?" He replied: "No. Do not inform them lest they rely on (this promise and lapse in their service to Him)1.” [The above Hadith is mentioned in two Sahih Books (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)].
Important issues of the Chapter
1) Wisdom of Allah in creating jinn and mankind.
2) Worship is Tauhid, as, in this issue there had always been dispute (between the Prophets and the polytheists).
3) Those who have not fulfilled the requirements of Tauhid are such as they have not worshippedAllah, and in this sense is the meaning of the verse:
"Nor will you worship that which I worship"
(109:3).
4) The wisdom in sending the Messengers.
5) The message of the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) (Tauhid) applies to all nations.
6) All Prophets have brought one and the same religion.
7) The major issue is that the worship of Allah cannot be performed until Taghut is denounced Mu'adh (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated this Hadith avoiding the sin of concealment. [Translator] and rejected. In this meaning is the saying of Allah:
"Whoever disbelieves in Taghut and believes in Allah then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold." (2:256)
8) At-Taghut is inclusive of all that is worshipped other than Allah.
9) The tremendous importance of the three entirely clear verses of Surah Al-An'am (6:151-153) among the early pious predecessors. In these verses are 10 issues, the first of which is the prohibition of Shirk.
10) The clear verses in Surah Al-Isra (17:22-39) have 18 substantial issues. Allah begins them with:
"Set not up with Allah any other ilah (god), (O man) or you will sit down reproved, forsaken (in the Hell-fire)". (17:22)
And ended with:
"And set not up with Allah any other ilah (god) lest you should be thrown into Hell, blameworthy and rejected." (17:39).
Allah informed us the importance of these issues by saying:
"This is (part) of Al-Hikmah (wisdom, good manners and high character, etc.) which your lord has inspired to you." (17:39)
11) The verse of Surah An-Nisaa (4:36) called "The verse of the ten rights" to which Allah the Most High begins by saying:
"And worship Allah, and join none with Him in worship."
12) We must note the admonition of Prophet Mohammed (May peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) which he made before his death.
13) To recognize Allah's right upon us.
14) To recognize the rights of slaves on Allah, if they fulfill His right.
15) This issue was unknown to most of the Companions of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him).
16) Permissibility to hide some knowledge for the common good (as determined by the Shari'ah).
17) It is desirable to pass the pleasing news to other Muslims.
18) Fear of depending (of the people) upon the expansiveness of Allah's mercy.
19) The statement of one, who is asked on matters that are not known to him: "Allah and His Messenger know the best".
20) It is correct to impart knowledge selectively to someone and not to others.
21) The humility of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) on riding a donkey with a companion behind.
22) It is legitimate to have a second rider behind.
23) Superiority of Mu'adh bin Jabal (May Allah be pleased with him) The great importance of this issue (of Tauhid).
CHAPTER No: 2
The superiority of Tauhid And what it removes of sins
Allah the Most Exalted said:
"It is those who believe (in the Oneness of Allah and worship none but Him Alone) and confuse not their belief with Zulm (wrong i.e. by worshipping other besides Allah), for them (only) there is security and they are guided ones." (6:82)
Narrated Ubadah bin As-Samit (May Allah be pleased with him), that Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"Whoever testifies that there is nothing worthy of worship in truth (no God) except Allah Alone, Who is without (peer or) partner, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger, and that 'Iesa (Jesus) is the slave of Allah, His Messenger, and His Word which He bestowed in Maryam (Mary) and a spirit (created) from Him, and that Paradise & Hell-fire are realities, Allah will admit him into Paradise, whatever his deeds might be."
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Hadith No. 3252)
'Itban (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"Indeed Allah has forbidden for Hell the person who testifies: 'There is nothing worthy of
worship in truth (no true God) but Allah', seeking thereby nothing but Allah's Face (pleasure)." (Al-Bukhari, Muslim).
Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"Musa (Moses) (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said: 'O my Rabb, teach
me something through which I can remember You and supplicate to You.' Allah answered: 'Say, O Musa, La ilaha ilIa-Allah'. Musa said: 'O my Rabb, all your slaves say these words'. Allah said:
'O Musa, if the seven heavens and all they contain other than Me [1] (Ghairy) and the seven earths as well, were all put in one side of a scale and La ilaha ilIa-Allah put in the other the latter would overweigh them.'" [This Hadith has been reported by Ibn Hibban, and Al-Hakim declared it Sahih].
------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] This phrase (Ghairy) is the exception from what is in the heavens. It should not be misunderstood that
Allah is contained within the heavens or earth since He has described Himself in the Qur'an as the
Transcendent, Most High, Above All, i.e. in 2:255, 20:5, 25:59 and many places elsewhere in His Book.
Indeed the statement is another proof that Allah cannot be considered within the creation. [Detailed
explanation can be seen in "Fath-ul-Majid Sharh Kitab-ut-Tauhid -Translator].
--------------------------------------------------------------------
At-Tirmidhi reports from Anas (May Allah be pleased with him): He heard Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) saying:
"Allah the Most Exalted said: 'O son of Adam, were you to come to Me with the world full of sins, and meet Me without making anything partner to Me (Shirk), I would come to you with a similar amount of forgiveness.' "
Important issues of the Chapter
1) Abundance of Allah's favour.
2) The abundant reward of Tauhid towards Allah.
3) Besides earning rewards, Tauhid recompenses sins.
4) Explanation of the verse 82 in Surat Al-An'am.
5) Ponder the five points mentioned in the Hadith narrated by Ubadah (bin As-Samit (May Allah be pleased with him))
6) If you look at the Ahadith from Ubadah and 'Itban (May Allah be pleased with him) and what follows altogether, the meanings of La-ilaha illa Allah become clear to you along with the error of those who are the deceived ones (Al-Maghrurin).
7) Take note of the condition in Itban's Hadith.
8) That the Prophets needed to be apprised of the tremendous virtue of La ilaha ilIa-Allah (There is no true God but Allah).
9) The point of overweighing of the Kalimah (May Allah be pleased with him) in respect to all other creation, though many who enunciate it will not get the full weight in their balance.
10) The text showing that there are seven earths like seven heavens.
11) That the seven earths and heavens are full of creatures.
12) Confirmation of the Attributes of Allah, contrary to the claims of Ash'ariyah.
13) Undoubtedly, if you understand the Hadith of Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) you would understand the statement in the Hadith of Itban (May Allah be pleased with him):
"Indeed Allah has forbidden for Hell the person who testifies: 'There is nothing worthy of worship in truth (no true God) but Allah,' seeking thereby nothing but Allah's Face (pleasure)" that it constitutes abandonment of Shirk practically and not merely confessing La-ilaha ilIa- Allah by the tongue.
14) Reflection and consideration of the shared characteristics of Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) and Iesa (May Allah be pleased with him) both as Prophets and slaves of Allah.
15) Knowing the peculiarity of Jesus (May Allah be pleased with him) being created as Kalimat- Allah (the Word of Allah).
16) Knowledge that Jesus (May Allah be pleased with him) is a spirit from Allah (Ruhan Minhu).
17) Knowing the merits of belief in Paradise and Hell.
18) Knowledge of the meaning of the statement (of the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) "... whatever his deeds might be."
19) Knowledge that Al-Mizan (the Scale) consists of two sides.
20) What is meant by the mention of the "Face" (of Allah).
CHAPTER No: 3
Who purifies Tauhid (from Shirk..etc) will enter Paradise without giving an Account.
"Verily Abraham (May Allah be pleased with him) was indeed a model, devoutly obedient to
Allah, unswervingly true in faith and he was not of those who ascribed partners to Allah."(16: 120)
And He further said:
"And those who ascribe not anyone (in worship) as partners with their Lord."(23:59)
Husain bin Abdur-Rahman narrated:
Once when I was with Sa'id bin Jubair, he asked, "Who among you did see the shooting star last night?" I answered, "I had seen it," and then explained that I was not at the prayer at the time because I had been stung by a poisonous scorpion. He said, "What did you then do?" I replied, "I used Ruqyah to cure it!" He said, "What compelled you to do that?” I said, "A Hadith I heard from Ash-Sha'bi." He asked, "Which Hadith Sha'bi narrated?" I replied, "He reported from Buraidah bin Al-Husaib, who said that Ruqyah is not allowed except for the treatment of 'evil eye' ('Ain) and (poisonous) sting." He (Sa'id bin Jubair) said, "He has done well by stopping on what he has heard (i.e. to act according to the knowledge as opposed to ignorance). However Ibn Abbas narrated us that the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said, 'All the nations were made to pass before me, and I saw a Prophet with a small group with him, and a Prophet with two or three people and a Prophet with none. Then there appeared a large group of people which I took to be my nation (Ummah). But I was told that those were of Musa and his people. Later, a larger group appeared and I was told that those were my people. Among them were seventy thousand who would enter Paradise without reckoning or punishment.' The Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) then got up and went to his house, and the people went into discussion as to who they might be. Some said, 'Perhaps they are the Companions of the Messenger of Allah.' Others said, 'May be they belong to those who were born in Islam and therefore had never ascribed anyone partner with Allah.' And while they were exchanging their views like this, the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) came out and was informed about the news. He said, 'Those people are those who do not treat themselves with Ruqyah, nor do they believe in bad or good omen (from birds etc.), nor do they get themselves branded (cauterized), but they put their trust (only) in their Lord.' On that 'Ukashah bin Mihsan got up and said (to Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) 'Invoke Allah to make me one of them.' He (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said, 'You are one of them.' Then another man got up and said, 'Invoke Allah to make me one of them.' He (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said, 'Ukashah has preceded you.' "
___________________________________________
1] Translator's footnote: To translate Ruqyah as 'incantation' may bring to mind connotations of magic or sorcery which
are forbidden in Islam. To use the term "By spiritual means" may not convey the meaning in full. [See Ismail L. Faruq's
Translation] Ruqyah is when a person recites part of the Qur'an such as Al-Fatihah or makes supplication using words
transmitted from the authentic Hadith of the Prophet (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) upon
someone. What appears to be a blanket forbiddance of doing so except for the two exceptions mentioned is actually a
strong pronouncement of its allowance in these cases. It is confirmed in the authentic Seerah that the Prophet (May the
peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) himself allowed Ruqyah in other instances, but he (May the peace and
blessing of Allah be upon him) admonished against a person doing so for other than himself. (Ref. Fath-ul-Majid)
_________________________________________
1) In Tauhid, people are classified into various ranks.
2) What is the meaning of 'purification of Tauhid'.
3) Ibrahim (May Allah be pleased with him) was praised by Allah for he was not of the polytheists.
4) Allah praised all those Auliya for they did not make anyone with Him as the partner (did not practice polytheism).
5) Keeping away from cauterization and Ruqyah is the fullest purification of Tauhid.
6) Possessing these characteristics (traits) is Tawakkul (trust in Allah Alone).
7) The deep knowledge of the Companions of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) who knew that such degree of trust (Tawakkul) in Allah could not be attained without action.
8) This shows how earnest the Companions were in doing good deeds.
9) The superiority of the followers of Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) quantitatively as well as qualitatively.
10) The superiority of the Ummah (followers) of Musa (May Allah be pleased with him).
11) All the Ummah (nations) will be paraded before Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) .
12) Every Ummah (nation) will be accompanied by its respective Prophet.
13) Generally, few people responded to the call of Prophets.
14) The Prophets, whom nobody responded to, will come alone before Allah.
15) The substance of these facts is that man should not worry about numbers, neither must he feel proud about huge numbers nor be disheartened by less numbers.
16) The permission of using Ruqyah to treat effects of evil eye and poisonous sting.
17) By the Hadith "He has done well by stopping on what he has heard”, the depth of knowledge of the predecessors is known, and it is also known that the first Hadith does not contradict the second.
18) The avoidance of the predecessors of praising anyone undeservedly.
19) The Prophet's statement that 'You are one of them' is a sign of Prophethood.
20) The excellence of Ukashah (May Allah be pleased with him)
21) Using Ma'areed (to mention something casually among other things, or a description open to various interpretations).
22) The excellent manners of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him).
CHAPTER No: 4
Fear of Shirk (Polytheism)
"Verily, Allah forgives not that partners should be set up with Him in worship, but He forgives except that (anything else) to whom He pleases." (4:48, 116)
Prophet Ibrahim (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
"And keep me and my sons away from worshipping idols." (14:35)
It is narrated in the Hadith that Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"What I fear most for you is a form of Shirk." When asked about it, he said, "Ar-Riya (showing oft)."
Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated that Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"Whoever dies while ascribing partners to Allah, enters the Hell-fire." (Al-Bukhari)
Muslim reports from Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) that Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said:
"Whoever meets Allah (on the Day of Judgement) not having associated anyone with Him (in worship), shall enter Paradise; and whoever meets Him having committed Shirk in any way will enter the Hell-fire."
Important issues of the Chapter
1) Fear of Shirk (polytheism).
2) Showing off (Riyaa) is a type of Shirk.
3) Showing off is a lesser type of Shirk.
4) Falling into minor Shirk (Riyaa) is more fearful to the righteous and pious people than other matters (because of the ease, one can fall into it due to its being so subtle).
5) Nearness of Paradise and Hell.
6) Combination of the nearness of Paradise and Hell has been stated in the same Hadith.
7) Whoever meets Allah (on the Day of the Judgement) having associated nothing with Him, shall enter Paradise; and whoever dies while committing Shirk with Allah in any way shall enter Hell, even though he might have been a great worshipper.
8) The important issue of the invocation of Ibrahim (May Allah be pleased with him) for himself and his progeny, being the protection from worship of idols.
9) The acknowledgement of Ibrahim (May Allah be pleased with him) of the condition of most people that “O my Lord, they have indeed led astray many among mankind."
10) An explanation of the meaning of (the Kalimah) (May Allah be pleased with him) "There is nothing deserving of worship in truth besides Allah" as reported by Al- Bukhari.
11) The superiority of one who is free from Shirk.
CHAPTER No: 5
The Call to testify that there is nothing deserving of Worship in truth except Allah
Allah the Exalted said:
"Say you (O Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) : 'This is my way; I invite unto Allah (i.e. to the Oneness of Allah –Islamic Monotheism) (with sure knowledge), I and whosoever follows me (also must invite others to Allah i.e. to the Oneness of Allah -Islamic Monotheism) with sure knowledge. And Glorified and Exalted is Allah (above all that they associate as partners with Him), and I am not of the polytheists.' " (12: 108)
Ibn Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated:
When Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) sent Mu'adh (May Allah be pleased with him) to Yemen, he said, "You will come upon the People of the Book, let your first act be to call them to testify that -There is nothing worthy of worship in truth but Allah."
And in another version of this tradition (it is said):
"To single out Allah Alone in the worship, i.e. actualize the Oneness (Tauhid) of Allah-if they obey you in this, inform them that Allah has prescribed for them to offer 5 prayers (Salat) every day and night. If they obey you in this, then inform them that Allah has imposed upon them the duty of Sadaqah (Zakat) to be levied from their rich and distributed to the poor, If they obey you in this, then be careful not to take the best of their properties (as payment of Zakat), and safeguard yourself against the supplication of those who have suffered injustice because there is no veil between his supplication and Allah," [Al-Bukhari, Hadith No. 1389/1425 and Muslim]
Both collectors have also reported that Sahl bin Sa'd (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
On the day of Khaibar, Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) asserted, "Tomorrow I shall indeed give the flag to a person who loves Allah and His Messenger and is loved by Allah and His Messenger. Allah will grant victory under his leadership." The people spent the night absorbed in discussing as to whom might the flag be given! In the morning they came eagerly to Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) each of them hoping to be given the flag. Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) asked, "Where is Ali bin Abi Talib?" They replied, "He is suffering from an eye ailment." He was sent for and brought. Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) then spat in his eyes and prayed for him, where upon he was cured as if he had no previous pains. Allah's Messenger (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) then gave him the flag and said, "Advance with ease and gentleness until you arrive in their midst, then call them to Islam and inform them of their duties to Allah in Islam. By Allah, if He may guide through you a single man to Islam then it is better for you than the red camels."
Important issues of the Chapter
1) It is the way of the followers of Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) to call people to Islam.
2) Stress upon sincerity of intention, for many who supposedly call to the truth merely call to themselves.
3) Calling people to Allah with sure knowledge is obligatory.
4) Of the signs of the beauty of Tauhid is its being free of any blasphemy towards Allah.
5) The ugliness of Shirk is that it vilifies Allah.
6) Of the most important issues of the chapter is that a Muslim must and should remain aloof from polytheists in order to not become like them even if he does not himself commit Shirk.
7) Having Tauhid (and calling towards it) is the foremost obligation.
8) We must first begin with Tauhid before everything, even Salat.
9) The meaning of singling out Allah Alone in worship and being sincere in His Oneness is the
meaning of the Shahadah "La ilaha illa-Allah ".
10) Among the people of the Scriptures are some who either have no knowledge of Tauhid, or if they do, they don't follow it accordingly.
11) Stress on teaching step by step.
12) The most important issues must be explained first.
13) How to spend Zakat (obligatory charity).
14) The scholar (learned) must try to clear away misunderstandings of the learner.
15) The best properties of people must not be taken for Zakat (obligatory charity).
16) Beware of the supplication of the oppressed.
17) We are informed that there is no barrier to the supplication of the oppressed one (to be accepted).
18) The afflictions, hardship, hunger and epidemics suffered by the head of all the Prophets and the best of those close to Allah (May Allah be pleased with him) are nothing but exact
evidences of Tauhid.
19) The Prophet's assertion: "I shall indeed give the flag ..." is a sign from among the signs of Prophethood.
20) Applying spit to the eyes of Ali (May Allah be pleased with him) and the subsequent cure he received, is another sign of the Prophethood.
21) The superiority of Ali (May Allah be pleased with him)
22) The merits and virtues of the Companions (May Allah be pleased with him) that they kept speculating among themselves throughout the night (as to whom the flag might be handed over to) and their preoccupation with it over the news of lasting victory.
23) An illustration of the faith in Qadar -how the predetermined occurs to those who do not seek
it and denial to those who wished it all along the night.
24) The manner of the Prophet's advice to Ali (May Allah be pleased with him) "Go to the people
with ease and gentleness."
25) Calling to Islam before waging war.
26) Legitimacy of fighting with those who were previously called to Islam but rejected it.
27) Preaching Islam with wisdom as evidenced in his (May Allah be pleased with him) words:
"Inform them of the obligations upon them".
28) Recognizing the duty to Allah in Islam.
29) The reward of a person by whose hand a single man is guided.
30) To swear in support of a juristic verdict.
No comments:
Post a Comment